Benefit sanctions ruin lives. No wonder the DWP turned to fiction | Rhiannon Lucy Cosslett

It is inspiring what obtaining your rewards cut will do for your function ethic. Just ask the gormless Sarah, who – bless – did not consider a CV would assist her locate operate and missed a meeting with her operate coach back in March. Thankfully she pulled up her socks and updated her resume. “My advantage is back to typical now and I’m genuinely pleased with how my CV seems,” Sarah grins as she appears more than a personal computer screen into the camera, stopping just short of a tap-dancing “gee, thanks, Mr Duncan Smith” in the manner of a young Shirley Temple. Another benefit-sanctions accomplishment story, you may possibly feel. The only issue is that Sarah doesn’t exist.

Connected: DWP admits inventing quotes from fake ‘benefits claimants’ for sanctions leaflet

This week, following a freedom of information request courtesy of Welfare Weekly, the Department for Perform and Pensions (DWP) admitted that Sarah, along with fellow benefit claimant Zac (who presented up a heartwarming tale of notifying the jobcentre of his hospital appointment in advance, thus safeguarding his claim) were only utilised in their promotional supplies “for illustrative purposes”.

Their mugshots, meanwhile, are stock pictures. Naturally, there is no suggestion anyplace on the leaflet – which has mysteriously disappeared from the DWP internet site but has been downloaded by Welfare Weekly – that these claimants are fictional.

It is difficult not to see a twisted comic darkness in this. The optimistic spin is so firmly rooted in the realms of fantasy as to be ludicrous, and follows an incident last yr where the department was accused of planting fake tweets praising the a lot-maligned universal credit score measures, though it denied this.

Twitter end users are mocking the DWP’s newest misstep with the inevitable hashtag #fakedwpstories (“since the jobcentre sanctioned me I only eat caviar” “I conserve so much on trousers now all that funds isn’t burning holes in my pockets”), and rightly so. The fake leaflet personae signify a surreal contrast to the real effect that positive aspects sanctions can have on individuals in austerity Britain.

Tales abound from claimants who have been sanctioned for a assortment of bizarre and trivial reasons, this kind of as failing to apply for a work that had expired, or missing a jobcentre appointment that clashed with a perform programme interview. There have been punishments that are shocking in their heartlessness: it could be a funeral, a stillbirth, a heart assault, a premature labour that leads to you to miss your signing-on appointment: challenging. No excuses.

Other claimants describe a type of bureaucratic, Kafkaesque nightmare, a dystopian labyrinth that appears deliberately designed to catch you out. Just inquire the man whose dole queue was so extended that he was late for his appointment, or the 1 who failed to attend his simply because he was at a occupation interview. Each were sanctioned.

This certain DWP cock-up represents an omnishambles worthy of The Thick of It, but there is also, to borrow the phrases of Mark Serwotka, the standard secretary of the Public and Industrial Services union (PCS), one thing “disgraceful and sinister” about trying to trick individuals into believing in the benevolent chastisement of the state. In contrast to the deprivation and destitution that can outcome from sanctioning, the fictional Zac and Sarah, with their beatific expressions beaming out from leaflets, are eerily chipper. Back in the true planet, sanctioned benefits claimants are currently being forced into homelessness and resorting to food banks. There have been suicides. Final week, a famished female whose rewards had been stopped was prosecuted and fined much more than £300 for stealing a 75p pack of Mars Bars. Actuality is not really panning out the way the Conservatives intended.

The reality that the government is having to concoct “positive” tales about the sanctions system for propaganda functions suggests that there is a paucity of claimants out there keen to dispense glowing feedback on their experiences, to put it mildly. The “new regime” (the government’s phrase) was introduced in October 2012, and has by no means been a good results in terms of PR, operating as it does on what my colleague Patrick Butler refers to as a “sanction now, investigate later” rationale. Beneath the government’s “hard line” method, nearly 1 million jobseeker’s allowance claimants had been sanctioned in 2014, however there are doubts as to the sanctions’ effectiveness in helping individuals find function. The function and pensions select committee said that the government had not presented evidence that the program was not “purely punitive”. Furthermore, more evidence advised that sanctions led to poorer top quality, short-term or unstable employment.

If a funeral, stillbirth or heart assault causes you to miss your signing-on appointment: difficult. No excuses.

Then there are the jobcentre whistleblowers, who in January uncovered the existence of “hit squads” that set claimants up to fail in the pursuit of staff performance targets. There had been reports of staff focusing on the a lot more vulnerable jobseekers, reserving appointments without having informing the claimant, and currently being threatened with disciplinary accessibility if they didn’t refer sufficient individuals for sanction. With damning reviews this kind of as these, the temptation to coat the cruelty in a shiny gloss need to be huge.

What can we learn from the story of Zac and Sarah, the ragged orphans upon whom the benevolent fairy godmother of the DWP bestowed their enchanted kindness? That the government regards individuals on benefits as so “other” that it has no qualms about making use of fictional characters as stand-ins? Surely those who dismissed the evaluation that the Conservatives are engaging in an ideological assault on the vulnerable and disadvantaged will be difficult pushed to argue towards it, when it’s their wheel that is spinning the fairytales.

In addition, request by yourself: what exposes the presence of an ideology much more obviously than the dogged pursuit of it in the face of all contradictory proof? A flawed and cruel agenda, innovative with blinkered indifference, underpinned by an unmoving belief technique that casts its heroes and its villains as simplistically as a child’s bedtime story. If it feels creepy to you, that’s because it is. And the narrative continues regardless of its dishonesty. A sunlit street is superimposed more than the grey deprivation. An expressionless, robotic Zac and Sarah are waiting for you there. “Welcome to the new regime,” they say. “We hope you take pleasure in your stay.”

Benefit sanctions ruin lives. No wonder the DWP turned to fiction | Rhiannon Lucy Cosslett

Hi-vis vests search industrious and existence-saving. No wonder politicians adore them | Andrew Martin

Now you see them … David Cameron and George Osborne go large-vis in Manchester this week. Photograph: Christopher Furlong/Getty Photos

In July 1964, the Railway Magazine reported that 15 platelayers operating on the Pollokshields to Eglinton Street line in the Scottish Region of British Railways had been issued with “a new variety of illuminous safety jacket which shines in half-light conditions”. In the absence of a photograph, the magazine strained to clarify this bizarre phenomenon to its readers. The jackets, “made from a fluorescent orange plastic material”, were “comparable in appearance to previous-fashioned ships’ lifejackets”. The writer speculated that these “human fire-fly jackets may possibly be adopted throughout British Railways”.

This is regarded as the first reference in British – and perhaps planet – journalism to high-visibility vests. Practically exactly 50 many years on, they have been adopted not only throughout our railways, but also the entirety of British society. A brief automobile drive across north London this week was met with the following substantial-vis action: two BT engineers fiddling with wires at a junction box wore them, as did a man pushing a black steel trolley along the pavement (his bearing a slogan: “Positive we can”). I stopped at a targeted traffic light up coming to a locked bike with a substantial-vis vest wrapped loosely about the crossbar. The owner was strolling away. It would have been fascinating to meet him, considering that he must be a combination of the prudent (betokened by his ownership of the vest) and the reckless (it was simply nickable from exactly where he’d left it). I was then passed by a guy sporting higher-vis who was driving a van marked “the indoor garden specialists”.

The question of what indoor gardening includes was a lot more pressing in my mind than why this kind of a practitioner may put on a substantial-visibility vest. Soon after all, when I parked my car and entered a shop selling work outfits in purchase to request the proprietor who bought higher-vis vests these days, he stated. “Anybody undertaking perform.” When I asked if revenue of them went up 12 months on year, he explained: “Yeah,” in the bored tone of someone questioning when he would ultimately be asked an interesting query. So I attempted the following: “What sort of men and women put on large-vis vests now but wouldn’t have worn them a few years ago?” “Absolutely everyone,” he stated. I pressed him for an example. “Window cleaners,” he said. “Why would a window cleaner want a large-vis vest?” I wondered. “Properly,” said the shopkeeper, “he’s walking down the street with his bucket and his ladder and he bumps into a person.” “But that,” I countered, “would be an argument for the man or woman he bumped into wearing higher-vis, not the window cleaner himself.” The shopkeeper did not consider a lot of that stage, and I wondered regardless of whether he believed that absolutely everyone who presently does not wear a substantial-vis vest as a matter of course ought to do so in buy to be observed by all the individuals who do put on them.

If so, he could not be bothered to express the view, his complacency perhaps attributable to the fact that he is riding that by no means-ending upward product sales curve. Everybody concerned in high-vis says the very same thing about the product sales, which tends to make me wonder why I’m not in the company myself. The rise can be traced back to the Well being and Security at Work Act 1974, which requires employers to guard against likely risks, and there is no cheaper way of guarding against hazards than to problem high-vis vests, which retail for three or 4 quid and are no doubt considerably less expensive wholesale.

The only gripe of the higher-vis traders is that substandard clothing comes on to the market place, without the CE mark denoting compliance with the European Neighborhood directive for Personalized Protective Products. Officially made vests conform to Class two of the European regular. Class one is substantial-vis trousers. These and a vest worn with each other turn into Class three, the highest attainable higher-vis ensemble: a high-vis suit, in truth. Both trousers and suits combine fluorescence with what is described as “retro reflective tape”. That is not “retro” as in vintage – a conscious reversion to some earlier, far more eye-catching type of high-vis – but as in bouncing light back from, say, auto headlights.

A good deal can be – and is – said towards large-vis clothing. It truly is not trendy. The Mitchell and Kenyon archive films showed us that Edwardian guys digging holes in the road wore dark suits with ties or neckerchiefs, which gave them a sort of dusky elegance. If a high-vis vest and shorts was a great appear for a postman, then why is not Postman Pat – who definitely sets the industry regular – so attired?

The substantial-vis vest is usually worn in location of the quasi-military uniforms of the past. I mean that it really is worn not so a lot to make the wearer conspicuous as to betoken authority. When I asked a single safety clothing insider to identify the class of man or woman who may give large-vis a poor identify, he muttered darkly, “stewards”. Rod Liddle has described large-vis as “the symbol of spurious authority”, and I feel the libertarian objection is that large-vis suggests both officialdom and victimhood. The wearer is bossing you about although also embodying the worry that you may possibly, through your sheer stupidity, run him down.

A couple of Darwinian steps from the bumptious steward is the sleek cabinet minister. The orange higher-vis vest worn by George Osborne at Manchester Victoria railway station this week (and not for the very first time) suggested that he personally would be building this high-speed railway for the north he was going on about. But the key was the blue Network Rail hardhat he also wore. Blue hat means visitor. White hat indicates “cleared for track accessibility”.

The high-vis wearer can also seem wimpish. My nearby publish office sells large-vis vests advertised by a image of a fluorescent household standing in a garden. Any individual scared to go into their personal garden without having wearing high-vis deserves to be struck down by one particular of those hazards high-vis can’t avert: a nice swift bolt of lightning, say.

But the case is diverse with the British employee. Most who disdain high-vis have by no means even worn the visitor hat at a development internet site, and I can’t recall carrying out so myself. But I discover it moving to see that motorway warning indicator “Workmen on the road”, specially when it’s late at night, and I am glad I’m not on the road myself. The sight of the Class 3 high-vis fits assuages my guilt, and I say to the libertarians: these guys are not protected as a collective mass, but as a series of individuals. To give them these fits is the least we as a society can do. It truly is as if they’re wearing spacesuits, which is fitting provided the remoteness of manual perform from most of our lives.

British health and safety in the workplace is the envy of the globe. The Well being and Security Executive press is nicely-armed with graphs displaying how far we have come. In his history of Britain’s railways, Fire and Steam, Christian Wolmar writes that, “in the five many years up to the finish of 1878, the railways killed an average of 682 of their staff each and every year”. In The Nation Railway, David St John Thomas wrote: “On scarcely a mile of track in Britain has a ganger not been run down by an sudden train.” Railway infrastructure jobs are nonetheless comparatively hazardous, but the deaths are in the lower single figures every year. It really is extremely hard to say how a lot this improvement owes to increased visibility. But when, travelling west from Paddington, I see the armies of orange-clad guys constructing Crossrail, I believe of the debt we owe to whoever made human fireflies of individuals 15 platelayers half a century ago.

Andrew Martin’s novel, Night Train to Jamalpur, is published in paperback by Faber &amp Faber on three July. Acquire it for £6.39 at guardianbookshop.co.united kingdom.

Hi-vis vests search industrious and existence-saving. No wonder politicians adore them | Andrew Martin

No wonder dress codes have doctors up in (bare) arms

Nunn’s objection, and that of Henry Marsh and 1000′s of other physicians, is not that they are getting needed to abide by principles, but that individuals principles are entirely meaningless. It is the utter hypocrisy and lunacy surrounding infection management in the NHS that we locate so galling. In reality, I’d go so far to say that present policy is in fact unsafe, as it obscures the true troubles in tackling hospital-acquired infections.

Along with hand-washing, the only other variable regularly implicated in hospital-acquired infections is bed-occupancy costs. The faster the turnaround of patients, the better the strain on beds and the larger the infection price. This link was emphasised in a report by the Division of Health and published virtually a decade in the past, and yet it was ignored by ministers simply because it did not fit in with its plans for the NHS to reduce hospital beds and streamline companies.

But the bare-under-the-elbows policy serves an additional perform. Increasingly, the dress code is used by managers as a way of forcing physicians – the standard figures of authority in hospitals, who are frequently seen as a risk due to the fact of their understanding and expertise – to observe the guidelines. It is a stick with which to beat clinicians, a way for managers to flex their muscle groups. And it has had unintended consequences.

Under this policy, white coats have been banned. Physicians now do not look “smart” on the ward – no ties, no lengthy-sleeved shirts and no fits. Numerous argue that they have lost their “presence” in hospitals, and patients can no longer recognize them. Even though it is true that white coats can harbour infectious organisms, in Hong Kong, exactly where they are still common uniform, the rates of hospital-acquired infection are substantially reduce than in British hospitals, as they are in other European nations.

It is not the white coats that are crucial, but the frequency and temperature of washing. Stephanie Dancer, a consultant microbiologist, wrote in the British Healthcare Journal last year that there was no proof that banning white coats had diminished infection prices in hospitals. Surely, white coats are created to be washed at large temperatures, so I employed to boil mine, even though I never ever wash my function clothes above 30 degrees, or they shrink. You do not need to have to be a brain surgeon to see that recent infection-management policies make no sense at all.

I wish the Saatchi Bill success

Congratulations to Maurice Saatchi – his Health-related Innovation Bill, which aims to cost-free doctors to try progressive strategies or drugs on individuals when all else has failed, has passed its first hurdle in Parliament following a campaign, strongly supported by this paper, that has produced widespread public support. It will now proceed to a 2nd reading in the House of Lords.

Issues that the Bill will turn into a “quack’s charter” have been tackled by Lord Saatchi, who has amended it. The Bill now makes a clear distinction in between “responsible innovation” and “reckless experimentation”. Any experimental procedures would have to be approved by a team of specialists and a “responsible officer”.

Possibly it will outcome in a remedy for cancer, possibly not. But unless we enable physicians to innovate, we’ll in no way know. I want the Bill every success in its second studying. For much more detail, see medicalinnovationbill.co.uk.

Don’t rush to blame the NHS for drips

The instances last week of newborn infants contaminated by contaminated intravenous drips have, rightly, prompted headlines and outrage.

The infants, some of them premature, were also poorly to be fed by mouth and needed a food supply delivered by way of their bloodstream.

There has now been at least one particular confirmed death from septicaemia linked to the iv drips.

Yes, the infants and their households have been tragically let down. But, whilst some headlines reported that the babies were ‘’poisoned by NHS drips”, it need to be stressed again that the NHS is not responsible for the manufacture of these products. The drips were presented by a personal company, ITH Pharma. Obligation for this tragedy will be established by the recent government investigation.

Max Pemberton’s most current guide, ‘The Medical professional Will See You Now’ is published by Hodder. To buy a copy, phone Telegraph Books on 0844 871 1515

No wonder dress codes have doctors up in (bare) arms

Recipient of cancer wonder drug: "Without it, I would not be here"

Kim Mawby, who has been on a course of the T-DM1 drug to deal with her breast cancer. She is a single of the number of on the drug in the United kingdom. Photograph: Roland Hoskins

Kim Mawby, from Nazeing, Essex, was diagnosed with breast cancer in September 2010. She was place on Herceptin and had surgical procedure the following May at the Royal Marsden in London.

Medical doctors informed her that the cancer had spread to lymph nodes under her right arm. A scan in September 2011 recommended that she also had cancer in her lung and in her chest wall.

Medical doctors informed her that she could carry on with the chemotherapy she had been on. Mawby was worrying about her sons, Joshua, now 15, and Sam, eleven. “They have been youthful and they necessary their mum,” she says.

In December 2011, the cancer was confirmed to have spread and she was invited to join a new drug trial.

She has been taking what she understands as T-DM1, collectively with yet another drug or a placebo as part of a blind trial. She does not know specifically what she has been taking but now believes she obtained a cutting-edge drug such as Kadcyla.

But after 3 cycles of acquiring intravenous treatment method for about 90 minutes every three weeks, scans showed no signal of the cancer on her lung or chest wall. Her following cycle will be her 38th.

“My possibilities had been quite restricted just more than two years in the past. The chemo I had hadn’t worked, so most likely it was the trial or I had six months left to dwell,” explained Mawby.

“I was informed there would be side results. I was told 1 of them would be bodyweight loss. I would have loved that, but did not have it. Right after the first three cycles though, it was great. The medical doctors mentioned they just couldn’t see it [the cancer]. It is just not displaying.

“I truly feel definitely fine even though I come to feel a little tired the up coming day – that may be becoming in London all day – and I often come to feel a bit sick. Frankly, that is absolutely nothing compared with what [the drug] is carrying out for me.

“I can only say what I have had worked for me straight away. It is definitely wonderful. Without that drug I wouldn’t be here now,” stated Mawby, 44, who operates part-time for Waltham Forest council.

As nicely as extra time with the boys and her companion, Gavin Ward, Mawby says: “It has offered me back my typical lifestyle. You just can’t place a price tag on it.”

Recipient of cancer wonder drug: "Without it, I would not be here"

Can resveratrol the "wonder chemical" in red wine live up to the hype? | Corrinne Burns

In an increasingly chemophobic planet, one particular chemical – resveratrol – is performing rather effectively for itself. This polyphenolic stilbenoid is a all-natural product identified in peanuts, cocoa powder and the roots of Japanese knotweed, but it only came to public prominence as the wellness-promoting element of red wine, in which it is current at amounts of up to 14 milligrams per litre, depending on the grape variety.

As molecules go, it is surely a multitasker, with purported activity towards cardiac disease, obesity, cancer, vascular dementia and ageing. That is a good deal of pressure to place on a single molecule. Can resveratrol dwell up to our expectations?

Many of these claims centre on its ability to minimize oxidation in cells: its fabled antioxidant exercise. All molecules, including biological ones, carry all around their personal cloud of electrons. These are most stable when they exist in pairs. At times, however, electron pairs split. Then you are left with an unpaired electron – and unpaired electrons like nothing more than to mess with other biological molecules.

Left unchecked, molecules carrying unpaired electrons can trigger cascades of injury to other molecules in our cells. Resveratrol is considered to interrupt those destructive cascades by transferring electrons and hydrogen atoms among itself and troublesome, lone-electron-carrying molecules.

Resveratrol can do significantly a lot more than that, however. It encourages the manufacturing of endothelial nitric oxide, which dilates blood vessels. Researchers have demonstrated that this potential to open up blood vessels indicates resveratrol can safeguard towards hypertension – at least in rats and mice. It is also an anti-inflammatory, disrupting the action of an enzyme referred to as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which is critical to the manufacturing of inflammatory prostaglandins.

There are reams of papers about the “in vitro” anti-tumour activity of resveratrol (killing tumour cells in a dish in lab experiments), and numerous purported mechanisms of action. Several of these involve resveratrol altering the exercise of various genes and proteins involved in cellular proliferation and death.

And resveratrol’s supposed anti-ageing action does have some basis in animal experiments, with studies showing that dietary supplements can slow some of the metabolic facets of the ageing process in a way equivalent to calorie-restriction diets.

It all sounds marvellous. What a molecule! But of course the reality is not so clearcut. Resveratrol’s antioxidant properties may possibly be a double-edged sword, for instance. In the popular press “antioxidant action” is talked about as however it is an unambiguously Excellent Thing. But we need some oxygen-containing molecules with unpaired electrons – acknowledged as “reactive oxygen species” – because they are element of our typical immune response. This could clarify why, earlier this year, Swedish researchers reported that antioxidants can truly make tumours increase much more quickly in rodents.

And, annoyingly for these of us who drag ourselves round the block prior to operate each and every morning, one more review suggested that resveratrol could wipe out the helpful results of workout.

It is not unusual to find this kind of conflicting information in the messy globe of analysis. What happens amongst molecule and cell in the neat, orderly world of a cell culture in a laboratory is not always reflected in our three-dimensional, multi-tissued, metabolically dynamic bodies.

But buried underneath all the hype about resveratrol, is there still clinical likely? “I can picture a role [for resveratrol] in the prevention of colon cancer,” says Dr Randolph Arroo, head of investigation at Leicester College of Pharmacy and a expert in phytochemistry. “The absorption characteristics for resveratrol are generally really poor, but in the intestines realistic concentrations of resveratrol, or its metabolites, can be maintained.”

He is far more sceptical about resveratrol’s capability to reduce the danger of other illnesses, even though, citing the molecule’s bad bioavailability – it may operate effectively in vitro, but is absorbed poorly and doesn’t hang close to in the bloodstream prolonged enough to get to the locations exactly where it may do us very good. “The bioavailability of resveratrol is so bad that the concentrations that are necessary to get the effects observed in in vitro cell cultures are never accomplished in the body (in vivo) for a prolonged time period.”

To address this problem, research is ongoing into semi-synthetic derivatives of resveratrol that may be a lot more efficient than the all-natural merchandise.

Right now, the only way to get a dose of pure resveratrol is by in excess of-the-counter supplements – and the marketing of these tends to emphasis on the molecule’s supposed cosmetic benefits. Food supplement producer Fountain claims that 1 of its most widely publicised products, the “Beauty Molecule”, is the 1st water-soluble resveratrol formulation, enabling for highest absorption and therefore advertising “health, youth and longevity”.

I contacted Fountain to ask about their resveratrol investigation – I was interested in how this novel formulation was metabolised and distributed inside the physique. Unfortunately, at the time of creating, the business had been unable to offer me with its data.

So to come back to our unique question: is resveratrol genuinely worthy of all the attention? Dr Arroo believes that if the molecule was identified only in, say, a minor-known Chinese herb rather than red wine, it would have attracted far significantly less curiosity. But he is nonetheless glad the molecule is obtaining noticed: “Resveratrol is a ‘chemical’ but it comes from berries and grapes. It can make individuals aware that fruits and greens are manufactured of chemical substances.”

So could resveratrol be powerful against chemophobia, too?

Can resveratrol the "wonder chemical" in red wine live up to the hype? | Corrinne Burns

Science Weekly podcast: the wonder of human skin

This week’s podcast is only skin deep as we dedicate the demonstrate to an extended interview with Professor Des Tobin.

Des informed Dr Natalie Starkey about the newest scientific study into anti-ageing skin remedies, how a pill might replace skin lotions, and why skin well being is crucial. He and Natalie have been chatting at final year’s British Science Festival in Newcastle, where Prof Tobin gave a presentation.

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Science Weekly podcast: the wonder of human skin

Energetic wonder drug | @guardianletters

It comes as no shock that 12,000 circumstances of cancers in females could be prevented via being far more physically energetic (United kingdom girls have substantial rate of inactivity-linked cancers, six January). For years it has been understood that remaining physically energetic is an integral element of a wholesome life style. Even so, in spite of this, we carry on to see widespread inactivity ranges across the Uk. Bodily action is arguably one particular of the most essential aspects in the prevention and recovery of cancer. Not only can it aid to decrease the side-results of therapy but it also decreases the risk of some cancers recurring and even dying from the illness. It is each a price-efficient and a clinically efficient treatment intervention. So why do we carry on to neglect what is a single of the most straightforward solutions? We must quit paying out lip services to the concern. It is time now for a shift in the way we look at physical exercise – the underrated “wonder drug”. Bodily exercise demands to be entirely ingrained in our day-to-day lives.
Jenny Ritchie-Campbell
Director of cancer providers innovation, Macmillan Cancer Help

Energetic wonder drug | @guardianletters